{"id":4559,"date":"2021-08-05T02:59:44","date_gmt":"2021-08-05T02:59:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/volksswitch.org\/?page_id=4559"},"modified":"2022-11-06T20:47:23","modified_gmt":"2022-11-07T03:47:23","slug":"intro-to-blissymbols","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/volksswitch.org\/index.php\/volks-devices\/bliss-tactile-symbols\/intro-to-blissymbols\/","title":{"rendered":"Intro to Blissymbols"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Here&#8217;s the very short, four and one-half minute, version:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"525\" height=\"296\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/oAAt-5Mulig?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en-US&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span><\/p>\n<p>You can download the slides from the video <a href=\"https:\/\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Intro-to-Bliss-Symbols.pptx\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h1>Here&#8217;s more detail &#8211; but still just an introduction:<\/h1>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Blissymbols\"><strong>Blissymbolics\u00a0<\/strong><\/a>is a\u00a0<strong>constructed\u00a0<\/strong>language conceived as an\u00a0<strong>ideographic<\/strong>\u00a0writing system consisting of several hundred basic symbols, each representing a\u00a0<strong>concept<\/strong>, which can be composed together to\u00a0<strong>generate\u00a0<\/strong>new symbols that represent new concepts. Blissymbols differ from most of the world\u2019s major writing systems in that the characters do not correspond at all to the sounds of any spoken language.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0<em>Wikipedia<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><strong>constructed<\/strong> \u2013 consciously devised instead of naturally evolved<br><strong>ideographic<\/strong> \u2013 graphic symbols that represent an idea or concept, without phonology<br><strong>generative<\/strong> \u2013 able to create an infinite number of concepts from an initial finite set.<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Each Blissymbol represents a&nbsp;<strong>concept&nbsp;<\/strong>rather than a word.&nbsp; For that reason, a single Blissymbol may represent multiple words &#8211; or a single word may require multiple Blissymbols.&nbsp; Because Blissymbols are tied to concepts rather than words, they are language independent.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>More importantly, for individuals who are struggling to communicate and learn language, Blissymbols map directly to objects and ideas in their world.&nbsp; There\u2019s no need to first learn a spoken language &#8211; with maddeningly confusing overlays like synonyms or homonyms \u2013 and then learn a complex written code (e.g., \u201ci\u201d before \u201ce\u201d except after \u201cc\u201d or when sounded as \u201ca\u201d as in \u201cneighbor\u201d and \u201cweigh\u201d) in order to represent those spoken words.&nbsp; [Interestingly, Braille adds an entirely new and separate layer on top of this complexity.&nbsp; Braille dots must be translated to alphabetic characters and then the alphabetic characters must be translated to spoken words replicating all the complexity discussed above.]<\/p>\n<h2>Orientation in Space<\/h2>\n<p>Blissymbols are placed between an earth line and a skyline.&nbsp; The skyline is drawn more thinly than the earth line so the lines themselves are oriented:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/earth-and-skylines.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-4565\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/earth-and-skylines.png?resize=467%2C187&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"467\" height=\"187\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/earth-and-skylines.png?w=3193&amp;ssl=1 3193w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/earth-and-skylines.png?resize=300%2C120&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/earth-and-skylines.png?resize=1024%2C411&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/earth-and-skylines.png?resize=768%2C308&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/earth-and-skylines.png?resize=1536%2C616&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/earth-and-skylines.png?resize=2048%2C822&amp;ssl=1 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 467px) 100vw, 467px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The meaning of a symbol can change if the symbol is placed closer to the skyline than to the earth line and vice versa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Indicators can be added to the symbol, above the skyline to further qualify the symbol as representing a verb, adjective, adverb, plural, and past\/present\/future tense.  More on that below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>Primitives are often Pictographic<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>At their root, many of the simplest concepts in Blissymbolics are represented by pictographic images.\u00a0 The symbol for person is drawn as a vertical line intersecting a horizontal line along the earth line.\u00a0 The vertical line is the major axis of the standing body and the horizontal line represents the individual&#8217;s feet :<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pictographic-primitives.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-4566\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pictographic-primitives.png?resize=513%2C292&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"513\" height=\"292\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pictographic-primitives.png?w=2654&amp;ssl=1 2654w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pictographic-primitives.png?resize=300%2C171&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pictographic-primitives.png?resize=1024%2C583&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pictographic-primitives.png?resize=768%2C437&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pictographic-primitives.png?resize=1536%2C874&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pictographic-primitives.png?resize=2048%2C1165&amp;ssl=1 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 513px) 100vw, 513px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Here are a few more examples:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pictographic-nouns.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4689\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pictographic-nouns.png?resize=525%2C120&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"525\" height=\"120\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pictographic-nouns.png?w=4168&amp;ssl=1 4168w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pictographic-nouns.png?resize=300%2C69&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pictographic-nouns.png?resize=1024%2C235&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pictographic-nouns.png?resize=768%2C176&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pictographic-nouns.png?resize=1536%2C352&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pictographic-nouns.png?resize=2048%2C470&amp;ssl=1 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 706px) 89vw, (max-width: 767px) 82vw, 740px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Bliss concepts can incorporate \u201cqualifiers\u201d:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/qualifiers.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-4690\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/qualifiers.png?resize=460%2C191&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"460\" height=\"191\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/qualifiers.png?w=3878&amp;ssl=1 3878w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/qualifiers.png?resize=300%2C125&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/qualifiers.png?resize=1024%2C426&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/qualifiers.png?resize=768%2C320&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/qualifiers.png?resize=1536%2C639&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/qualifiers.png?resize=2048%2C852&amp;ssl=1 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>A &#8220;first person&#8221; person is &#8220;me&#8221;, a &#8220;second person&#8221; person is you, and so on.<\/p>\n<p>Bliss pronouns and related concepts can be gendered:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/genders.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-4691\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/genders.png?resize=450%2C183&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"183\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/genders.png?w=3983&amp;ssl=1 3983w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/genders.png?resize=300%2C122&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/genders.png?resize=1024%2C417&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/genders.png?resize=768%2C313&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/genders.png?resize=1536%2C625&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/genders.png?resize=2048%2C833&amp;ssl=1 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Blissymbols can be superimposed to extend concepts:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/superimposed-symbols.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-4692\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/superimposed-symbols.png?resize=448%2C213&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"448\" height=\"213\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/superimposed-symbols.png?w=3414&amp;ssl=1 3414w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/superimposed-symbols.png?resize=300%2C143&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/superimposed-symbols.png?resize=1024%2C487&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/superimposed-symbols.png?resize=768%2C365&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/superimposed-symbols.png?resize=1536%2C730&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/superimposed-symbols.png?resize=2048%2C973&amp;ssl=1 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 448px) 100vw, 448px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Indicators extend concepts &#8211; Verbs<\/h2>\n<p>Charles Bliss envisioned volcanos as the embodiment of action so he chose an upward pointing arrowhead as the indication of activity &#8211; a verb.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/action.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-4695\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/action.png?resize=428%2C295&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"428\" height=\"295\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/action.png?w=3343&amp;ssl=1 3343w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/action.png?resize=300%2C207&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/action.png?resize=1024%2C705&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/action.png?resize=768%2C529&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/action.png?resize=1536%2C1058&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/action.png?resize=2048%2C1411&amp;ssl=1 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 428px) 100vw, 428px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The &#8220;action indicator&#8221; is placed above the skyline and transforms a noun into a verb:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/eye-to-see.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-4696\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/eye-to-see.png?resize=158%2C257&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"158\" height=\"257\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/eye-to-see.png?w=1304&amp;ssl=1 1304w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/eye-to-see.png?resize=185%2C300&amp;ssl=1 185w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/eye-to-see.png?resize=631%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 631w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/eye-to-see.png?resize=768%2C1247&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/eye-to-see.png?resize=946%2C1536&amp;ssl=1 946w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/eye-to-see.png?resize=1261%2C2048&amp;ssl=1 1261w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/eye-to-see.png?w=1050&amp;ssl=1 1050w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 158px) 100vw, 158px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Placing an action indicator over the symbol for &#8220;eye&#8221; produces the concept of &#8220;to see&#8221;.\u00a0 This comes from the idea of: &#8220;what does the eye do?&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Here&#8217;s another example:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/mouth-to-food-to-eat.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-4697\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/mouth-to-food-to-eat.png?resize=276%2C262&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"276\" height=\"262\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/mouth-to-food-to-eat.png?w=2100&amp;ssl=1 2100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/mouth-to-food-to-eat.png?resize=300%2C285&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/mouth-to-food-to-eat.png?resize=1024%2C972&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/mouth-to-food-to-eat.png?resize=768%2C729&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/mouth-to-food-to-eat.png?resize=1536%2C1458&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/mouth-to-food-to-eat.png?resize=2048%2C1945&amp;ssl=1 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 276px) 100vw, 276px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Placing a line along the earth line references the earth so a line under the symbol for mouth asks: &#8220;what does the mouth get from the earth?&#8221;\u00a0 The answer is &#8220;food&#8221;.\u00a0 Put an action indicator over the symbol for food and that transforms &#8220;food&#8221; into &#8220;to eat&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>Placing an action indicator over each of the simple pictographic concepts above transforms each one of them into it&#8217;s related action form:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/nouns-to-verbs.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4698\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/nouns-to-verbs.png?resize=525%2C171&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"525\" height=\"171\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/nouns-to-verbs.png?w=4168&amp;ssl=1 4168w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/nouns-to-verbs.png?resize=300%2C97&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/nouns-to-verbs.png?resize=1024%2C333&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/nouns-to-verbs.png?resize=768%2C249&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/nouns-to-verbs.png?resize=1536%2C499&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/nouns-to-verbs.png?resize=2048%2C665&amp;ssl=1 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 706px) 89vw, (max-width: 767px) 82vw, 740px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Blissymbols are &#8220;conceptual&#8221;<\/h2>\n<p>There are a couple of things to call to your attention at this point.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>First note that there is a single Blissymbol for the words &#8220;see&#8221;, &#8220;look&#8221; and &#8220;watch&#8221;.\u00a0 That&#8217;s because it&#8217;s a single concept.\u00a0 In that way, Blissymbolics is much simpler to learn than a typical spoken language.\u00a0 An added benefit of this graphical, conceptual language is there&#8217;s no confusion between the symbol &#8220;to watch&#8221;, shown above, and the symbol representing a timepiece worn on the wrist:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/wristwatch.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-4704\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/wristwatch.png?resize=168%2C197&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"168\" height=\"197\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/wristwatch.png?w=1058&amp;ssl=1 1058w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/wristwatch.png?resize=256%2C300&amp;ssl=1 256w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/wristwatch.png?resize=874%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 874w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/wristwatch.png?resize=768%2C899&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 168px) 100vw, 168px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Homonyms don&#8217;t derail learning Blissymbols because they&#8217;re not based on a spoken language.\u00a0 Similarly, Blissymbols distinguish between the concepts of &#8220;to feel&#8221; as in &#8220;to sense with one&#8217;s fingers&#8221; (as shown above) and &#8220;to feel&#8221; as in &#8220;to react emotionally to an event&#8221;:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/feel-an-emotion.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-4705\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/feel-an-emotion.png?resize=127%2C195&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"127\" height=\"195\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/feel-an-emotion.png?w=810&amp;ssl=1 810w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/feel-an-emotion.png?resize=196%2C300&amp;ssl=1 196w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/feel-an-emotion.png?resize=669%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 669w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/feel-an-emotion.png?resize=768%2C1176&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 127px) 100vw, 127px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The second thing to note is the way that placing an action indicator above the symbol for &#8220;nose&#8221; results in the concept of &#8220;smell&#8221; instead of &#8220;breathe&#8221; and an action indicator over the symbol for mouth represent the concept &#8220;say&#8221; rather than &#8220;taste&#8221;.\u00a0 There are reasonable justifications for both of these decisions.\u00a0 The nose is responsible for smelling, but one could just as easily breathe through one&#8217;s mouth:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/breathe.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-4706\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/breathe.png?resize=133%2C211&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"133\" height=\"211\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/breathe.png?w=761&amp;ssl=1 761w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/breathe.png?resize=189%2C300&amp;ssl=1 189w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/breathe.png?resize=644%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 644w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 133px) 100vw, 133px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The mouth, on the other hand, plays a role in tasting, but we know that the nose plays just as large &#8211; if not a larger &#8211; role:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/to-taste.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-4709\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/to-taste.png?resize=90%2C232&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"90\" height=\"232\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/to-taste.png?w=472&amp;ssl=1 472w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/to-taste.png?resize=116%2C300&amp;ssl=1 116w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/to-taste.png?resize=397%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 397w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 90px) 100vw, 90px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>These concepts and their representation are carefully considered and standardized by an international body called Blissymbolics Communication International (BCI).\u00a0 By including members of several cultures with different spoken languages on the standards body, BCI ensures that Blissymbols will be culture and language independent &#8211; in other words, purely conceptual.<\/p>\n<h2>Indicators extend concepts &#8211; Adjectives and Adverbs<\/h2>\n<p>Charles Bliss grew up during Nazi rule and was adamant that his new language would not be used for propaganda.\u00a0 In particular, he wanted the language to call out concepts that are a matter of one&#8217;s opinion and not, necessarily, a fact.\u00a0 \u00a0These are the adjectives and adverbs.<\/p>\n<p>Bliss inverted the activity indicator to create an &#8220;evaluation&#8221; indicator.\u00a0 You can think of the evaluation indicator as balancing on its point like a toy top.\u00a0 It could easily fall to the left or the right.\u00a0 You might agree, or, then again, you might disagree.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/evaluation-indicator.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4719\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/evaluation-indicator.png?resize=525%2C199&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"525\" height=\"199\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/evaluation-indicator.png?w=2252&amp;ssl=1 2252w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/evaluation-indicator.png?resize=300%2C114&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/evaluation-indicator.png?resize=1024%2C388&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/evaluation-indicator.png?resize=768%2C291&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/evaluation-indicator.png?resize=1536%2C582&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/evaluation-indicator.png?resize=2048%2C777&amp;ssl=1 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 706px) 89vw, (max-width: 767px) 82vw, 740px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Like the action indicator, the evaluation indicator is placed above the skyline.\u00a0 Here are three related adjectives:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/many-more-most.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-4722\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/many-more-most.png?resize=411%2C335&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"411\" height=\"335\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/many-more-most.png?w=2581&amp;ssl=1 2581w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/many-more-most.png?resize=300%2C244&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/many-more-most.png?resize=1024%2C834&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/many-more-most.png?resize=768%2C625&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/many-more-most.png?resize=1536%2C1250&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/many-more-most.png?resize=2048%2C1667&amp;ssl=1 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 411px) 100vw, 411px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>These three Blissymbols also demonstrate the fact that a symbol&#8217;s location between the earth and sky lines influences how it is interpreted.\u00a0 The &#8220;quantity&#8221; symbol on the earth line represents &#8220;many&#8221; or &#8220;much&#8221;.\u00a0 \u00a0 Moving the same symbol below the skyline and resting it on a &#8220;shelf&#8221; represents the concept &#8220;more&#8221; (i.e., more than many).\u00a0 You can think of the shelf as keeping the quantity from falling down to &#8220;many&#8221;.\u00a0 Putting a shelf above the quantity symbol means that the quantity can&#8217;t increase any further so it is at its &#8220;maximum\/most&#8221; value.\u00a0 <em>On the other hand, because each of these symbols includes an evaluation indicator, they just represent someone&#8217;s opinion.\u00a0 <strong>Therefore, you may disagree!<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<h2>Turning Blissymbols into Tactile Symbols<\/h2>\n<p>Our Bliss Tactile Symbols incorporate all the cues necessary to recognize the Blissymbol:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/more-symbol-1.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6789 \" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/more-symbol-1.png?resize=515%2C392&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"515\" height=\"392\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/more-symbol-1.png?w=2799&amp;ssl=1 2799w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/more-symbol-1.png?resize=300%2C228&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/more-symbol-1.png?resize=1024%2C779&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/more-symbol-1.png?resize=768%2C584&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/more-symbol-1.png?resize=1536%2C1168&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/more-symbol-1.png?resize=2048%2C1558&amp;ssl=1 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 515px) 100vw, 515px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Our tactile symbols incorporate tactile equivalents of both the earth line and the skyline.\u00a0 The earth line is twice as deep and wide as the skyline to aid in tactual orientation.<\/p>\n<p>The Blissymbol itself is included as a raised element.\u00a0 \u00a0The size and location of the element matches the official symbol exactly.\u00a0 <em>Note: we have removed the action and evaluation indicator from the graphic to reduce tactile complexity and rely on the shape of the symbol (see below) to communicate the same information.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Braille is optionally included on the side of the symbol and descriptive text is optionally engraved on the back of the symbol.<\/p>\n<p>The top of the symbol is shaped to mirror the word\/concept class of the Blissymbol.\u00a0 This is done to help a user of the symbol more quickly locate the tactile symbol they want based solely on the shape of the symbol.\u00a0 The <a href=\"https:\/\/volksswitch.org\/index.php\/volks-devices\/bliss-tactile-symbols\/creating-bliss-tactile-symbols\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bliss Tactile Symbol designer<\/a> supports four different top shapes:<\/p>\n<table id=\"_idgpn_32\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/adjective-and-adverb-edge.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-4178\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/adjective-and-adverb-edge.png?resize=179%2C140&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"179\" height=\"140\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/adjective-and-adverb-edge.png?w=695&amp;ssl=1 695w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/adjective-and-adverb-edge.png?resize=300%2C234&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 179px) 100vw, 179px\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/verb-edge.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-4177\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/verb-edge.png?resize=197%2C154&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"197\" height=\"154\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/verb-edge.png?w=695&amp;ssl=1 695w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/verb-edge.png?resize=300%2C234&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 197px) 100vw, 197px\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/noun-etc-edge.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-4176\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/noun-etc-edge.png?resize=190%2C149&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"190\" height=\"149\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/noun-etc-edge.png?w=695&amp;ssl=1 695w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/volksswitch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/noun-etc-edge.png?resize=300%2C234&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 190px) 100vw, 190px\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%; text-align: center;\">adverb\/adjective\/determiner<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%; text-align: center;\">verb<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%; text-align: center;\">noun\/pronoun\/preposition<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>You can also create a symbol with a flat top-edge for &#8220;other&#8221; purposes like creating a symbol representing a phrase.<\/p>\n<h2>More in-depth training<\/h2>\n<p>For a deeper look at Blissymbols, we recommend <a href=\"https:\/\/media.medfarm.uu.se\/play\/kanal\/409\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">this online training<\/a> by Margareta Jennische.\u00a0 At the time of this writing, Margareta is the President of Blissymbolics Communication International &#8211; so you know she knows her stuff!<\/p>\n<h2>Blissymbols in Action<\/h2>\n<p>The following video shows a young Swedish girl using printed Blissymbols to communicate. <em>[If you don\u2019t speak Swedish, turn on closed captions and then under Settings choose Auto-translate to English.]<\/em><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"525\" height=\"296\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/JJNE2gF2Hog?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en-US&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>constructed \u2013 consciously devised instead of naturally evolvedideographic \u2013 graphic symbols that represent an idea or concept, without phonologygenerative \u2013 able to create an infinite number of concepts from an initial finite set. The meaning of a symbol can change if the symbol is placed closer to the skyline than to the earth line and &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/volksswitch.org\/index.php\/volks-devices\/bliss-tactile-symbols\/intro-to-blissymbols\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Intro to Blissymbols&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":4143,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"folder":[],"class_list":["post-4559","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Here&#039;s the very short, four and one-half minute, version: https:\/\/youtu.be\/oAAt-5Mulig You can download the slides from the video here. 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